Data Engineering Associate with Databricks Practice Exam

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What SQL syntax is used to define a Common Table Expression (CTE)?

DECLARE cte AS SELECT ...;
WITH cte AS SELECT ...;
CACHE cte SELECT ...;
CREATE CTE AS SELECT ...;

The correct answer is: WITH cte AS SELECT ...;

The use of the "WITH" clause in SQL is the correct syntax for defining a Common Table Expression (CTE). This structure allows you to create a temporary result set that can be referenced within a SELECT, INSERT, UPDATE, or DELETE statement. When you use "WITH cte AS", you establish a CTE named "cte" that you can then utilize in subsequent queries. This enables organizing complex queries in a more readable and manageable way. For instance, a CTE can simplify a query that requires multiple steps, as you can define the CTE once and reference it multiple times as if it were a table. The other options do not conform to the established SQL syntax for defining CTEs. The terms "DECLARE", "CACHE", and "CREATE" do not form valid commands for this purpose, as they either pertain to variable declaration, caching mechanisms, or general object creation, none of which correctly set up a CTE. Thus, using "WITH" is essential for enabling structured, powerful queries that require modular subqueries.